#### 158.4
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- Total without stacking effect: 48 + 36 + 60 = 144 cm
- Accounting for 10% resistance reduction due to stacking (spatial averaging factor increases effective flow): effective depth multiplier = 1 + 0.10 = 1.10
- Effective total depth = 144 cm × 1.10 = 158.4 cm
- A science journalist is analyzing data from a recent study showing that a new solar panel increases efficiency by 22% over standard models. If a standard panel generates 280 watts per square meter under full sunlight, and a test installation uses 15 panels each with area 1.8 m², how much additional power is generated by the new panels due to improved efficiency?
- Standard power per panel: 280 W/m² × 1.8 m² = 504 W
- New panel efficiency: 280 W × (1 + 0.22) = 280 × 1.22 = 341.6 W
